條文
消防控制室內嚴禁穿過(guo)與消防設施(shi)無關的(de)電氣(qi)線路(lu)及管路(lu)
疑問:如何(he)界定“無關” 與“有關”?哪些弱電(dian)系統(tong)可(ke)以合用消防控制(zhi)室?
解答:單一功能的(de)(de)消防控制室,不(bu)允(yun)許(xu)其他(ta)系統(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)與消防設(she)施(shi)無關的(de)(de)電氣線路及管路穿過。當消防系統(tong)(tong)和(he)安(an)(an)防系統(tong)(tong)合(he)用設(she)置(zhi)安(an)(an)防監控中(zhong)心時(shi),安(an)(an)防系統(tong)(tong)可(ke)以有(you)效幫助消防值班人員(yuan)快速確認(ren)火(huo)(huo)災及指導滅火(huo)(huo)救援,屬消防系統(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)關聯系統(tong)(tong)。合(he)用時(shi)各系統(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)設(she)備布(bu)置(zhi)和(he)線路敷設(she)應(ying)相對(dui)集(ji)中(zhong),其間應(ying)有(you)物理(li)分隔,不(bu)同(tong)系統(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)線路不(bu)能交叉(cha)敷設(she)。
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消防應急廣(guang)播(bo)(bo)系(xi)統的(de)聯動控制(zhi)信號應由消防聯動控制(zhi)器發出。當(dang)確認火災(zai)后(hou),應同時向全樓進行廣(guang)播(bo)(bo)。
疑問:確認火災后,同(tong)時(shi)向大樓(lou)(lou)進(jin)行廣(guang)播,是(shi)(shi)否(fou)(fou)會(hui)引起疏散通道(dao)擁堵?如果大型小區,多個(ge)塔樓(lou)(lou),共(gong)用裙房(包括地下室)時(shi),“同(tong)時(shi)向大樓(lou)(lou)進(jin)行廣(guang)播”是(shi)(shi)否(fou)(fou)可以理解(jie)為開(kai)啟著火的一棟即可?此種情況下地下室所(suo)有防火分區是(shi)(shi)否(fou)(fou)要(yao)同(tong)時(shi)廣(guang)播?
解答:新(xin)版《火規》強調“以人(ren)(ren)為本(ben)”的(de)消防(fang)(fang)理(li)念,確認火災后,應(ying)該第一時間(jian)(jian)組(zu)織(zhi)(zhi)建筑物(wu)內(nei)所有(you)人(ren)(ren)員撤離(li),每個人(ren)(ren)都(dou)有(you)權利在第一時間(jian)(jian)得(de)知火警(jing)信息。目前我國的(de)建筑還(huan)不能(neng)達到(dao)局(ju)部疏(shu)散(san)(san)的(de)要求。根據相關(guan)建筑防(fang)(fang)火規范的(de)規定,各層消防(fang)(fang)通道可(ke)以容(rong)納本(ben)層最多人(ren)(ren)數的(de)疏(shu)散(san)(san)要求。同時向全樓(lou)開(kai)啟消防(fang)(fang)應(ying)急廣播,組(zu)織(zhi)(zhi)所有(you)人(ren)(ren)員同時疏(shu)散(san)(san),才可(ke)能(neng)避免疏(shu)散(san)(san)樓(lou)梯、大樓(lou)出入口等(deng)人(ren)(ren)流匯集處發生擁(yong)堵。
多(duo)(duo)個塔樓(lou)和裙房相連時(shi)(shi)視為一個建筑,即所(suo)有(you)塔樓(lou)和裙房(包(bao)括地(di)下(xia)室),確(que)認(ren)火(huo)災(zai)后均要同(tong)(tong)時(shi)(shi)開啟消防(fang)(fang)(fang)應(ying)急廣(guang)(guang)播(bo);多(duo)(duo)個塔樓(lou)與其連接的(de)地(di)下(xia)部(bu)分(fen)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)按獨(du)棟樓(lou)劃(hua)分(fen),確(que)認(ren)火(huo)災(zai)后,可(ke)(ke)按建筑劃(hua)分(fen)情況,對著火(huo)的(de)獨(du)棟建筑進行消防(fang)(fang)(fang)應(ying)急廣(guang)(guang)播(bo);如(ru)果不能(neng)明(ming)確(que)劃(hua)分(fen),地(di)上所(suo)有(you)塔樓(lou)和地(di)下(xia)室應(ying)視為一個建筑,確(que)認(ren)火(huo)災(zai)后,應(ying)同(tong)(tong)時(shi)(shi)開啟消防(fang)(fang)(fang)應(ying)急廣(guang)(guang)播(bo)。
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高(gao)度超過100m的(de)建筑中(zhong),除消防控(kong)制(zhi)室內設置(zhi)的(de)控(kong)制(zhi)器(qi)外,每臺控(kong)制(zhi)器(qi)直接(jie)控(kong)制(zhi)的(de)火災探(tan)測器(qi)、手動報警按鈕和模塊等設備(bei)不應跨越避難層。
疑問:如果線路采(cai)用耐火線纜(lan)是(shi)否(fou)就可以跨越(yue)避(bi)難層?現在(zai)報(bao)警(jing)系統傳輸(shu)距離可達100m以上,只要控制器全部集中設(she)于(yu)消防控制室是(shi)否(fou)不受此條限制?
解(jie)答:本條是對高度(du)超過100m建筑中火(huo)災報(bao)(bao)警(jing)控(kong)(kong)制器(qi)(qi)的(de)設(she)(she)置(zhi)和管理要求,無論報(bao)(bao)警(jing)線路選擇耐火(huo)電纜與否,火(huo)災報(bao)(bao)警(jing)控(kong)(kong)制器(qi)(qi)設(she)(she)置(zhi)于避(bi)(bi)難層(ceng)時(shi),每(mei)一(yi)臺(tai)火(huo)災報(bao)(bao)警(jing)控(kong)(kong)制器(qi)(qi)所(suo)控(kong)(kong)制的(de)探測器(qi)(qi)等設(she)(she)備均不能(neng)跨越避(bi)(bi)難層(ceng);當火(huo)災報(bao)(bao)警(jing)控(kong)(kong)制器(qi)(qi)集中設(she)(she)置(zhi)于消(xiao)防(fang)控(kong)(kong)制室時(shi),仍然建議每(mei)一(yi)臺(tai)火(huo)災自(zi)動報(bao)(bao)警(jing)控(kong)(kong)制器(qi)(qi)所(suo)控(kong)(kong)制的(de)探測器(qi)(qi)均不要跨越避(bi)(bi)難層(ceng)。
條文
水泵(beng)控(kong)制(zhi)柜、風機控(kong)制(zhi)柜等消防電(dian)氣控(kong)制(zhi)裝(zhuang)置不應采用(yong)變頻啟動方式。
疑(yi)問:不應(ying)采(cai)用變(bian)頻啟動(dong),是否可以采(cai)用軟啟動(dong)?
解(jie)答:消(xiao)防(fang)水(shui)泵(beng)的流量、揚(yang)程,防(fang)排(pai)煙風機的轉速等(deng)設(she)計參數均是按照其額定(ding)值計算的,為(wei)了保證消(xiao)防(fang)設(she)備的正常發揮,在緊急啟動時,必須立即(ji)投入(ru)額定(ding)工作狀態,因此不允(yun)許采用變頻啟動,也不允(yun)許采用軟(ruan)啟動方式。
條文
具(ju)有消防聯動(dong)功能(neng)的火災自(zi)動(dong)報警系統的保護對象中應設置(zhi)消防控制室。
疑(yi)問1: 如何理解“聯動控制”的概念?
解答:聯動控(kong)制是指采(cai)取邏(luo)輯編程的(de)方式通(tong)過總(zong)線控(kong)制模塊實現(xian)對受(shou)控(kong)設備的(de)控(kong)制。
疑問2: 區域報警系統可否實現(xian)對消防設(she)施的控(kong)制(zhi)?
解(jie)答:保護(hu)對象中需要控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的消(xiao)防設(she)施在滿足下列所有(you)條件(jian)時(shi): a. 系統控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)流程單一(yi),確認火(huo)災(zai)后即可進行(xing)對受控(kong)設(she)備的控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi); b. 可以利用(yong)火(huo)災(zai)報警(jing)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)器的火(huo)災(zai)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)輸出觸點(不多于5組)實(shi)現對所有(you)消(xiao)防設(she)施 的控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。
火(huo)(huo)災(zai)自動報(bao)警(jing)(jing)系統(tong)可以選(xuan)擇區(qu)域火(huo)(huo)災(zai)自動報(bao)警(jing)(jing)系統(tong)形式,通過火(huo)(huo)災(zai)報(bao)警(jing)(jing)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)器實現對(dui)(dui)應(ying)急照明系統(tong)、非消防(fang)電源等的控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi),保護對(dui)(dui)象可不(bu)設消防(fang)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)室,可將火(huo)(huo)災(zai)報(bao)警(jing)(jing)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)器設置(zhi)在有(you)人(ren)值班的場所。如果根據管理需要(yao),在火(huo)(huo)災(zai)情況下需要(yao)人(ren)工操作(zuo)時,保護對(dui)(dui)象應(ying)設置(zhi)消防(fang)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)室。
疑問3: 在一個具有多棟(dong)建筑的(de)建筑群中,每棟(dong)樓都有一定數量(liang)的(de)聯(lian)動控制(zhi)設(she)備(bei),是否必須每棟(dong)樓設(she)置消防控制(zhi)室(shi)?能否根據(ju)管理(li)需(xu)要,靈活(huo)設(she)置消防控制(zhi)室(shi)?
解答:具有多棟建(jian)(jian)筑的(de)(de)(de)建(jian)(jian)筑群(qun),可(ke)(ke)(ke)根(gen)據(ju)建(jian)(jian)筑和(he)管理的(de)(de)(de)實(shi)(shi)際情況(kuang)(kuang)選擇相應的(de)(de)(de)火(huo)(huo)災自(zi)動(dong)報(bao)警系(xi)統(tong)的(de)(de)(de)形式(shi): a. 當選用集中報(bao)警系(xi)統(tong)形式(shi)時,可(ke)(ke)(ke)只設(she)(she)(she)置一(yi)個消(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)防(fang)(fang)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)室(shi),在(zai)(zai)消(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)防(fang)(fang)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)室(shi)內(nei)設(she)(she)(she)置一(yi)臺起(qi)集中控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)功能(neng)的(de)(de)(de)火(huo)(huo)災報(bao)警控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)器(qi)(聯(lian)動(dong)型),在(zai)(zai)每棟建(jian)(jian)筑中設(she)(she)(she)置起(qi)區(qu)域控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)作用的(de)(de)(de)火(huo)(huo)災報(bao)警控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)器(qi)(聯(lian)動(dong)型),區(qu)域控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)器(qi)可(ke)(ke)(ke)設(she)(she)(she)置在(zai)(zai)建(jian)(jian)筑中只有值班(ban)人員可(ke)(ke)(ke)進(jin)入的(de)(de)(de)場所。對于各建(jian)(jian)筑中水泵、風機等(deng)(deng)消(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)防(fang)(fang)設(she)(she)(she)施(shi)的(de)(de)(de)專線手動(dong)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)必須由(you)(you)起(qi)集中控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)作用的(de)(de)(de)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)器(qi)實(shi)(shi)現(xian);對于水泵、風機、電(dian)動(dong)排(pai)(pai)煙窗、擋(dang)煙垂壁等(deng)(deng)自(zi)動(dong)消(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)防(fang)(fang)設(she)(she)(she)施(shi)的(de)(de)(de)總線聯(lian)動(dong)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),可(ke)(ke)(ke)根(gen)據(ju)實(shi)(shi)際情況(kuang)(kuang)由(you)(you)設(she)(she)(she)置在(zai)(zai)各建(jian)(jian)筑中的(de)(de)(de)區(qu)域控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)器(qi)實(shi)(shi)現(xian)。 b.當選用控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)中心報(bao)警系(xi)統(tong)形式(shi)時,可(ke)(ke)(ke)在(zai)(zai)每個建(jian)(jian)筑中設(she)(she)(she)置消(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)防(fang)(fang)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)室(shi),并(bing)應設(she)(she)(she)置或確定一(yi)個主(zhu)消(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)防(fang)(fang)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)室(shi)(消(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)防(fang)(fang)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)中心)。建(jian)(jian)筑群(qun)共(gong)用的(de)(de)(de)水泵等(deng)(deng)消(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)防(fang)(fang)設(she)(she)(she)備,宜(yi)由(you)(you)主(zhu)消(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)防(fang)(fang)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)室(shi)統(tong)一(yi)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi);也可(ke)(ke)(ke)由(you)(you)就(jiu)近(jin)的(de)(de)(de)分消(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)防(fang)(fang)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)室(shi)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),主(zhu)消(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)防(fang)(fang)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)室(shi)通過(guo)跨(kua)區(qu)聯(lian)動(dong)的(de)(de)(de)方(fang)式(shi)實(shi)(shi)現(xian)對設(she)(she)(she)備的(de)(de)(de)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。防(fang)(fang)排(pai)(pai)煙風機等(deng)(deng)消(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)防(fang)(fang)設(she)(she)(she)備,可(ke)(ke)(ke)根(gen)據(ju)建(jian)(jian)筑消(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)防(fang)(fang)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)室(shi)的(de)(de)(de)管控(kong)范圍劃分情況(kuang)(kuang),由(you)(you)相應的(de)(de)(de)消(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)防(fang)(fang)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)室(shi)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。
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在卷(juan)(juan)簾(lian)的任一側距卷(juan)(juan)簾(lian)縱深0.5m~5m內應設(she)置不少于2只專門(men)用于聯動防(fang)火卷(juan)(juan)簾(lian)的感溫火災探測(ce)器(qi)。
疑問:要求在(zai)任一側(ce)設置不少于2只(zhi)專門用于聯(lian)動(dong)防(fang)火(huo)卷(juan)簾的感溫火(huo)災(zai)探測(ce)器。是在(zai)一側(ce)還是在(zai)兩側(ce)均設?
解(jie)答(da):在防(fang)火卷(juan)(juan)簾(lian)兩(liang)側,距卷(juan)(juan)簾(lian)縱深0.5m~5m內(nei)均應設置不少(shao)于2只專門用于聯動防(fang)火卷(juan)(juan)簾(lian)的感溫火災探(tan)測器。